Bladder stones are either formed within the bladder as a result of blockage of urine or they come down from the kidneys and get stuck in the bladder.
Here are some symptoms of bladder stones
- Blood in Urine
- Pain in Urine
- Pain in the lower abdomen
- Frequency of Urination
- Recurrent UTI
- Poor Flow
- Acute retention of Urine: Bladder stone can also present as an emergency with complete blockage of Urine
How are bladder stones diagnosed ?
- Usually the urine routine and microscopy test reveals blood in urine (RBCs)
- Ultrasound is one of the best investigations for Bladder Stones
- Bladder stone may get stuck in the pipe of urine called urethra and may be visible on an X ray of the lower abdomen
What is the treatment for bladder stones ?
The treatment of bladder stones depends on the size of the stones
| Stone Size | Preferred Treatment |
|---|---|
| Less than 1 cm | Usually medicines to dissolve the stone and open the passage of urine are tried Endoscopic laser surgery may be needed if stone does not pass with medicines |
| 1 to 2 cms | Stones between 1 to 2 cms are removed endoscopically without any cut through the urinary passage itself This procedure is called Cystolithotripsy (CLT) |
| 2 to 4 cm | Stone which are larger need a 6 to 8mm hole in the lower abdomen to remove. This route is used to prevent injury or damage to the urine pipe (Urethra). This procedure is called Per-Cutaneous Cystolithotripsy (CLT) |
| More than 4 cms | Stones more than 4 cm are usually removed via an open incision. This procedure is called Cystolithotomy |
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